Preparing artificial teeth



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BARCLAY A. SA'ITERTHIVAIT, OF LIMA, OHIO.

PREPARING ARTIFICIAL TEETH.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,801, dated November 13, 1855.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BARCLAY ARNEY SAT- TERTHWAIT, of Lima, in the county of Allen and State of Ohio, have invented a new and improved mode of making whole or half sets of artificial teeth, gums, and plates entirely of porcelain or of mounting porcelain teeth on porcelain plates; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the mode of constructing the same.

The nature of my invention consists in modeling porcelain material over the cast and around porcelain teeth thereby avoiding having to enlarge the cast and the tedious operation of carving the teeth and the uncertain operation of grinding the piece, after it has been baked, to make it fitI the mouth.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe the mode of construction.

An exact plastic impression of the parts of the mouth upon which the piece is intended to rest must first be secured, from which a perfect plaster cast must be taken. A ridge or projection should be made on the cast all around where it is intended the edge of the plate shall come, as high as the intended thickness of the plate, for the purpose of packing the material against thereby securing a solid edge to the plate. To make this ridge, I take a little plaster and mix quite thin with water and put it on with a brush and trim it up square. The projection to form the air chamber, when it is intended to have one, can be formed in the same manner. After the cast is prepared and well oiled another impression or mold must be made on it. This mold if the alveolar ridge projects or is of such shape that it will not draw must be made in sections it can then be readily removed from the cast and the sections put together again precisely as they were on the cast. AThis mold is then to be well oiled and filled with plaster and clean quart?J sand, in equal parts by measure, mixed and wet t-he same as the plaster for the first cast. IVe now have a perfect cast formed of plaster and sand upon which to model the material; but before modeling the material an articulator or antagonizing model must be made which .is done as follows: Model wax over the cast or both cast-s if an upper and lower set are being made, trim and remove t-hewax from the cast into the patients mouth and get an antagonizing model the same as if plates were connected with the wax as in making an articulator in the ordinary way. After securing a satisfactory articulator arrange the teeth, using common beeswax, being careful to leave space enough, say from one sixteenth to one eighth of an inch, to work the material under the teeth. After the teeth are arranged remove wax and teeth altogether carefully to the caster made of plaster and sand. The porcelain material that I prefer for making this style of work is substantially the same as what is known and sold under the name of IIunters material for making block work to be soldered to metallic plates. lar, all of which have been published and I suppose are well known. After t-he wax and teeth have been carefully removed from the articulator to the plaster and sand cast the material should be wet and modeled, a little at a time and commencing at one end of the arch, around and under the teeth in front and at the sides and upon the upper cast and down on the lower to the holder or ridge. The material should be packed as solid as possible being careful not to displace any of the teeth using a stiff pen knife blade or small modeling instruments made for the purpose. Vhen the material has dried somewhat the whole job must be encircled with a strip of tin plate leaving a space of quarter of an inch between the teeth and t-in plate. This space is to be filled carefully with plaster and quartz sand mixed in the proportion of one part plaster and three parts sand by measure. After the plaster and sand has set sufliciently the wax must be removed with great care and the material modeled over the palative arch as thick as desired being careful to incorporate well under and between the teeth with what was put on in front. After the material has dried a little, fill in the whole. palative space in the upper and the whole lingual space in the lower, with plaster and sand same as on the outside, covering the ends of the teeth an eighth of an inch; let it set The 4job must now be turned over and the whole of the plaster and sand cast upon which it was modeled carefully removed, a little at a time, cutting and scraping it out being careful not to injure the porcelain. After the cast is all removed,

the porcelain plate or gum side or the part The enamel too is simito be worn neXt the gum can be made smooth, using small modeling tools, carefully retaining its exact shape. The strip of tin plate must now be removed and the job placed on a lire clay slide with the cutting edge of the teeth down and put into the muffle of the furnace. A lire must then be kindled either of coke or anthracite stove coal and the heat raised s0 as to fuse a small piece of California gold or a piece of American gold coin. The piece should then be drawn a little forward in the muflie and let to gradually cool. After three hours or when it is cool it may be taken from the mutlie, the plaster and sand all removed, the edges and any other rough places ground smooth, when it will be ready to enamel, which is best done with a penknife blade and brush. It is then put in the muffle, a fire kindled as before and the enamel fused. It must be let to cool gradually as before, when it is completed. Figure l of the accompanying drawings represents anv upper and Fig. 2 a lower set of this style of teeth.

I do not claim the compounding the material or enamel or modeling around teeth to be connected to metallic plates in the form of block work or continuous gum; neither do I claim the carving upper or lower sets out of one piece of porcelain material, but

What I do claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The above described improvement in making whole or half sets of artificial teeth gums and plates entirely of porcelain by modeling porcelain material around porcelain teeth or mounting porcelain teeth on porcelain plates substantially as herein set forth.

BARCLAY A. SA'lTER'lHWAIT.

Witnesses:

ISAAC W. SATTERTHWAIT, S. A. BAXTER. 

